Vilas County is located in the northern part of Wisconsin, known for its breathtaking natural beauty, including over 1,300 lakes, numerous rivers, and vast forestlands. Established in 1893 and named after U.S. Senator William Freeman Vilas, the county covers an area of approximately 1,018 square miles. Its dense forests, crystal-clear lakes, and outdoor recreational opportunities make Vilas County a popular destination for tourists, especially those interested in fishing, boating, hunting, and snowmobiling.
With a population of around 23,000, Vilas County is largely rural, with tourism and outdoor recreation playing significant roles in its economy. The county is home to several small towns and villages, each offering its unique blend of history, charm, and access to nature. The largest communities include Eagle River, the county seat, as well as Boulder Junction, Arbor Vitae, and Lac du Flambeau. These towns provide a mix of local culture, historical significance, and recreational opportunities that make Vilas County a vibrant yet peaceful place to live or visit.
Cities and Towns in Vilas County
Eagle River
Overview of Geography and History
Eagle River is the county seat and the largest town in Vilas County, known as the “Snowmobile Capital of the World” for its extensive network of snowmobile trails. The town was founded in the late 1800s, with its name derived from the eagles frequently seen along the river. Originally a logging town, Eagle River grew as a tourism destination due to its access to the Chain of 28 Lakes, one of the largest freshwater chains in the world. Over time, Eagle River became synonymous with outdoor recreation, particularly fishing, boating, and snowmobiling.
Today, Eagle River remains a popular year-round destination for tourists. The town offers a charming downtown area with shops, restaurants, and cultural attractions, alongside its famous outdoor activities. The community is close-knit, and many residents are involved in the tourism industry or seasonal outdoor activities.
City Facts
- Nickname: “Snowmobile Capital of the World”
- Area: 3.43 square miles
- Population: Approximately 1,600
- Elevation: 1,654 feet
- Time zone: Central Time (CT)
- ZIP Codes: 54521
- Area code: 715
Transportation
Eagle River is accessible via U.S. Highway 45 and Wisconsin Highway 70, which provide direct routes to surrounding communities and the rest of northern Wisconsin. The town is served by the Eagle River Union Airport, which accommodates general aviation and seasonal flights. For commercial flights, residents and visitors use the nearby Rhinelander-Oneida County Airport. The town is also a key hub for snowmobilers, with well-maintained trails connecting it to the broader region.
Famous Landmarks
- World Championship Snowmobile Derby: Hosts one of the most famous snowmobile races in the world.
- Eagle River Chain of Lakes: A popular destination for boating and fishing enthusiasts.
Boulder Junction
Overview of Geography and History
Boulder Junction, located in the heart of Vilas County, is a small town known for its pristine lakes and abundant wildlife. Established in the late 19th century, the town was originally a logging settlement before transitioning into a premier fishing destination. Boulder Junction is renowned for having the largest concentration of Class-A musky lakes in the world, earning it the nickname “Musky Capital of the World.” The town has maintained its rustic charm while becoming a favorite spot for anglers and nature lovers.
Boulder Junction is also a popular destination for outdoor recreation beyond fishing, with numerous hiking, biking, and snowmobiling trails. The town offers a peaceful atmosphere with a strong sense of community, making it an attractive place for both residents and tourists seeking a relaxing retreat in nature.
City Facts
- Nickname: “Musky Capital of the World”
- Area: 72.7 square miles
- Population: Approximately 960
- Elevation: 1,657 feet
- Time zone: Central Time (CT)
- ZIP Codes: 54512
- Area code: 715
Transportation
Boulder Junction is located at the junction of Wisconsin Highways 51 and 47, making it easily accessible by car from nearby towns and cities. The closest airport for general aviation is Boulder Junction Airport, while Rhinelander-Oneida County Airport offers commercial flights about 35 miles to the south. The town’s extensive network of trails for snowmobiling and biking also serves as an important mode of transportation and recreation for residents and visitors alike.
Famous Landmarks
- Northern Highland-American Legion State Forest: Offers hiking, biking, and camping opportunities in a vast wilderness area.
- Boulder Junction Fishing Guides: Famous for offering some of the best musky fishing experiences in the world.
Arbor Vitae
Overview of Geography and History
Arbor Vitae is a small town located in the southeastern part of Vilas County, surrounded by lakes and forested areas. The town was established in the late 1800s during Wisconsin’s logging boom, but it later became known as a resort area, drawing visitors who were interested in its natural beauty and outdoor activities. The town’s name, Arbor Vitae, is Latin for “tree of life,” reflecting its rich forested landscape. Over the years, Arbor Vitae has grown into a quiet but popular destination for fishing, hiking, and snowmobiling.
The town maintains a balance between residential life and tourism, with many seasonal residents flocking to its resorts and vacation homes. The community is small and close-knit, offering a peaceful environment for those who enjoy nature and outdoor recreation.
City Facts
- Nickname: None
- Area: 73.6 square miles
- Population: Approximately 3,200
- Elevation: 1,641 feet
- Time zone: Central Time (CT)
- ZIP Codes: 54568
- Area code: 715
Transportation
Arbor Vitae is located near U.S. Highway 51, which connects the town to other parts of Vilas County and the broader Northwoods region. The Rhinelander-Oneida County Airport is the closest facility for commercial flights, while general aviation can be accessed at the nearby Minocqua-Arbor Vitae Airport. The town is also part of the extensive snowmobile trail network that connects many communities in northern Wisconsin, making it a favorite winter destination for snowmobilers.
Famous Landmarks
- Clear Lake: A popular lake for fishing, boating, and swimming, known for its clear waters.
- Northern Highland-American Legion State Forest: Spanning over 200,000 acres, this forest offers hiking, camping, and wildlife viewing.
Lac du Flambeau
Overview of Geography and History
Lac du Flambeau is a town steeped in Native American history, serving as the tribal land for the Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa Indians. The town’s name means “Lake of the Torches,” referring to the Chippewa practice of using torches to attract fish at night. Established as a tribal settlement in the 18th century, Lac du Flambeau has remained a cultural and historical hub for the Ojibwe people, with a rich heritage that blends with modern amenities.
Today, Lac du Flambeau is known for its thriving tourism industry, with numerous resorts, casinos, and cultural attractions drawing visitors. Fishing, particularly for musky, is a major activity on the town’s lakes, and the community offers a unique cultural experience with Native American museums and events that celebrate Ojibwe traditions.
City Facts
- Nickname: “Lake of the Torches”
- Area: 108.6 square miles
- Population: Approximately 3,500
- Elevation: 1,617 feet
- Time zone: Central Time (CT)
- ZIP Codes: 54538
- Area code: 715
Transportation
Lac du Flambeau is accessible via Wisconsin Highway 47, which runs through the town and connects it to nearby communities like Minocqua and Woodruff. The closest airports are Minocqua-Arbor Vitae Airport for general aviation and Rhinelander-Oneida County Airport for commercial flights. The town is also a popular spot for snowmobilers, with trails that connect it to other parts of Vilas County and beyond.
Famous Landmarks
- Lac du Flambeau Tribal Natural Resources Center: Offers educational exhibits on the Ojibwe people and their connection to the land.
- Lake of the Torches Resort Casino: A major resort and entertainment venue, offering gaming, dining, and lodging.
Phelps
Overview of Geography and History
Phelps is a small town located on the northeastern edge of Vilas County, near the border with Michigan’s Upper Peninsula. Originally a logging town, Phelps developed in the late 1800s and early 1900s as the logging industry boomed in northern Wisconsin. As the logging industry declined, Phelps transitioned into a recreational area, drawing visitors for its pristine lakes, forests, and peaceful atmosphere.
Today, Phelps is a popular destination for fishing, boating, and hunting, with numerous lakes and rivers surrounding the town. The community is small but vibrant, with a focus on outdoor activities and maintaining its natural beauty. Phelps offers a quiet, remote setting for those looking to enjoy the serenity of northern Wisconsin.
City Facts
- Nickname: None
- Area: 93.2 square miles
- Population: Approximately 1,200
- Elevation: 1,699 feet
- Time zone: Central Time (CT)
- ZIP Codes: 54554
- Area code: 715
Transportation
Phelps is located along Wisconsin Highway 17, which provides access to nearby communities such as Eagle River and the Michigan state line. The closest airport for commercial flights is Rhinelander-Oneida County Airport, while the Eagle River Union Airport handles general aviation needs. Phelps is also connected to the extensive network of snowmobile trails that run throughout Vilas County and northern Wisconsin, making it a popular destination for winter sports enthusiasts.
Famous Landmarks
- North Twin Lake: A large lake offering excellent fishing, boating, and scenic views.
- Phelps Historical Museum: A local museum dedicated to the history of the town and its logging heritage.